Surface impacts and collisions of particle-laden nanodrops

TL;DR

This study uses molecular dynamics simulations to analyze how particle-laden nanodrops behave during impacts and collisions, revealing effects of particle concentration and impact velocity on splash formation and drop morphology.

Contribution

It provides new insights into the surface impact and collision dynamics of particle-laden nanodrops, including the influence of particle concentration and impact velocity.

Findings

Low-density suspensions behave like pure liquids upon impact.

High particle concentration leads to solid-like impact behavior.

Collisions cause local energy and temperature increases without enhancing mixing.

Abstract

The surface impact and collisions of particle-laden nanodrops are studied using molecular dynamics computer simulations. The drops are composed of Lennard- Jones dimers and the particles are rigid spherical sections of a cubic lattice, with radii about 11 nm and 0.6 nm, respectively. Uniform suspensions of 21% and 42% particle concentrations and particle-coated drops are studied, and their behavior is compared to that of pure fluid drops of the same size. The relative velocities studied span the transition to splashing, and both wetting/miscible and non-wetting/immiscible cases are considered. Impacts normal to the surface and head-on collisions are studied and compared. In surface impact, the behavior of low-density suspensions and liquid marble drops is qualitatively similar to that of pure liquid, while the concentrated drops are solid-like on impact. Collisions produce a splash only at velocities signif- icantly higher than in impact, but the resulting drop morphology shows a similar dependence on solid concentration as in impact. In all cases the collision or impact produces a strong local enhancement in the kinetic energy density and temperature but not in the particle or potential energy densities. Mixing of the two colliding species is not enhanced by collisions, unless the velocity is so high as to cause drop disintegration.