Ultra-high energy collisions in static space-times: single versus multi-black hole cases

TL;DR

This paper investigates conditions under which particle collisions near static extremal black holes, including multi-black hole configurations, can produce unbounded energy in the center of mass frame, revealing new phenomena absent in single black hole cases.

Contribution

It generalizes collision energy results to distorted black holes and uncovers new unbounded energy conditions in multi-black hole space-times without fine-tuning.

Findings

Unbounded collision energy near multiple horizons without fine-tuning.

New features in multi-black hole collisions compared to single black holes.

Explicit analysis of collisions in Majumdar-Papapetrou multi-black hole space-times.

Abstract

We consider collision of two particles near static electrically charged extremal black holes and elucidate the conditions under which the energy in the centre of mass frame E_{c.m.} grows unbounded. For a single black hole, we generalize the results obtained earlier for the Reissner-Nordstr\"om metric, to distorted black holes. In the multi-black hole space-time, qualitatively new features appear. If the point of collision is close to at least two horizons simultaneously, unbounded E_{c.m.} are possible (i) without fine-tuning of particles' parameters, (ii) for an arbitrary mutual orientation of two velocities. Such a combination of properties (i) and (ii) has no analogues in the single black hole case and facilitates the condition of getting unbounded E_{c.m.}. Collisions in the electro-vacuum Majumdar-Papapetrou metric (several extremal black holes in equilibrium) is analyzed explicitly.