An Instability of the Standard Model Creates the Anomalous Acceleration Without Dark Energy

TL;DR

This paper proposes that instabilities in the Standard Model of Cosmology, triggered by specific wave perturbations, can explain the observed accelerated expansion of the universe without requiring Dark Energy.

Contribution

It introduces a new asymptotic ansatz for perturbations that cause instabilities, leading to a natural explanation for cosmic acceleration without dark energy.

Findings

Perturbations create a large under-density region expanding faster than the SM.

Numerical simulations match the Hubble constant and luminosity corrections of a universe with 70% Dark Energy.

A testable prediction distinguishes this model from Dark Energy theories.

Abstract

We introduce a new asymptotic ansatz for spherical perturbations of the Standard Model of Cosmology (SM) which applies during the $p=0$ epoch, and prove that these perturbations trigger instabilities in the SM on the scale of the supernova data. These instabilities create a large, central region of uniform under-density which expands faster than the SM, and this central region of accelerated uniform expansion introduces into the SM {\it precisely} the same range of corrections to redshift vs luminosity as are produced by the cosmological constant in the theory of Dark Energy. A universal behavior is exhibited because all sufficiently small perturbations evolve to a single stable rest point. Moreover, we prove that these perturbations are consistent with, and the instability is triggered by, the one parameter family of self-similar waves which the authors previously proposed as possible time-asymptotic wave patterns for perturbations of the SM at the end of the radiation epoch. Using numerical simulations, we calculate the unique wave in the family that accounts for the same values of the Hubble constant and quadratic correction to redshift vs luminosity as in a universe with seventy percent Dark Energy, $\Omega_{\Lambda}\approx.7$. A numerical simulation of the third order correction associated with that unique wave establishes a testable prediction that distinguishes this theory from the theory of Dark Energy. This explanation for the anomalous acceleration, based on instabilities in the SM together with simple wave perturbations from the radiation epoch that trigger them, provides perhaps the simplest mathematical explanation for the anomalous acceleration of the galaxies that does not invoke Dark Energy.