Lifshitz effects on holographic $p$-wave superfluid

TL;DR

This paper constructs a holographic p-wave superfluid model in Lifshitz spacetime, revealing how the Lifshitz exponent influences phase transitions, condensate behavior, and generalizes previous AdS superfluid models.

Contribution

It introduces a Lifshitz black hole-based holographic p-wave superfluid model, analyzing the effects of the dynamical exponent on phase structure and extending AdS superfluid models to Lifshitz backgrounds.

Findings

Lifshitz exponent affects the effective mass and phase transition characteristics.

Cave of Winds appears only in 5D AdS spacetime.

Higher z suppresses condensate and first-order phase transitions.

Abstract

In the probe limit, we numerically build a holographic $p$-wave superfluid model in the four-dimensional Lifshitz black hole coupled to a Maxwell-complex vector field. We observe the rich phase structure and find that the Lifshitz dynamical exponent $z$ contributes evidently to the effective mass of the matter field and dimension of the gravitational background. Concretely, we obtain the Cave of Winds appeared only in the five-dimensional anti-de Sitter~(AdS) spacetime, and the increasing $z$ hinders not only the condensate but also the appearance of the first-order phase transition. Furthermore, our results agree with the Ginzburg-Landau results near the critical temperature. In addition, the previous AdS superfluid model is generalized to the Lifshitz spacetime.