Quantum Electroweak Symmetry Breaking Through Loop Quadratic Contributions

TL;DR

This paper proposes that electroweak symmetry breaking in the Standard Model is driven by quadratic loop contributions, leading to a new symmetry breaking scale around 760 GeV, with implications for hierarchy and naturalness problems.

Contribution

It introduces a novel mechanism where quadratic loop contributions induce symmetry breaking, providing a new perspective on the electroweak scale and hierarchy problem.

Findings

The symmetry breaking scale is approximately 760 GeV.

Quadratic contributions cause additive renormalization of the Higgs mass.

The mechanism is testable at current and future colliders.

Abstract

Based on two postulations that (i) the Higgs boson has a large bare mass $m_H \gg m_h \simeq 125 $ GeV at the characteristic energy scale $M_c$ which defines the standard model (SM) in the ultraviolet region, and (ii) quadratic contributions of Feynman loop diagrams in quantum field theories are physically meaningful, we show that the SM electroweak symmetry breaking is induced by the quadratic contributions from loop effects. As the quadratic running of Higgs mass parameter leads to an additive renormalization, which distinguishes from the logarithmic running with a multiplicative renormalization, the symmetry breaking occurs once the sliding energy scale $\mu$ moves from $M_c$ down to a transition scale $\mu =\Lambda_{EW}$ at which the additive renormalized Higgs mass parameter $m^2_H(M_c/\mu)$ gets to change the sign. With the input of current experimental data, this symmetry breaking energy scale is found to be $\Lambda_{EW}\simeq 760$ GeV, which provides another basic energy scale for the SM besides $M_c$. Studying such a symmetry breaking mechanism could play an important role in understanding both the hierarchy problem and naturalness problem. It also provides a possible way to explore the experimental implications of the quadratic contributions as $\Lambda_{EW}$ lies within the probing reach of the LHC and the future Great Collider.