Hybrid magic state distillation for universal fault-tolerant quantum computation

TL;DR

This paper introduces a hybrid magic state distillation protocol combining H-type and T-type methods to improve efficiency and extend distillable ranges, with experimental validation using nuclear magnetic resonance.

Contribution

It proposes a novel hybrid MSD protocol that overcomes limitations of previous methods and demonstrates its feasibility experimentally.

Findings

Hybrid MSD extends distillable ranges to stabilizer octahedron edges.

Significant reduction in qubit cost across most distillable ranges.

Experimental validation confirms the protocol's practical feasibility.

Abstract

A set of stabilizer operations augmented by some special initial states known as 'magic states', gives the possibility of universal fault-tolerant quantum computation. However, magic state preparation inevitably involves nonideal operations that introduce noise. The most common method to eliminate the noise is magic state distillation (MSD) by stabilizer operations. Here we propose a hybrid MSD protocol by connecting a four-qubit H-type MSD with a five-qubit T-type MSD, in order to overcome some disadvantages of the previous MSD protocols. The hybrid MSD protocol further integrates distillable ranges of different existing MSD protocols and extends the T-type distillable range to the stabilizer octahedron edges. And it provides considerable improvement in qubit cost for almost all of the distillable range. Moreover, we experimentally demonstrate the four-qubit H-type MSD protocol using nuclear magnetic resonance technology, together with the previous five-qubit MSD experiment, to show the feasibility of the hybrid MSD protocol.