Explaining Low Energy $\gamma$-ray Excess from the Galactic Centre using a Two Component Dark Matter Model

TL;DR

This paper proposes a two-component dark matter model with a complex scalar and Dirac fermion to explain the gamma-ray excess observed near the Galactic Centre, aligning with experimental bounds and astrophysical observations.

Contribution

It introduces a novel two-component dark matter framework stabilized by a U(1) gauge symmetry to account for the gamma-ray excess from the Galactic Centre.

Findings

The model explains the gamma-ray excess with dark matter particles of 30-40 GeV mass.

It satisfies constraints from LHC, PLANCK, and LUX experiments.

The effective annihilation cross section aligns with Fermi-LAT and DES limits.

Abstract

Over the past few years, there has been a hint of the $\gamma$-ray excess observed by the Fermi-LAT satellite borne telescope from the regions surrounding the Galactic Centre at an energy range $\sim 1$-$3$ GeV. The nature of this excess $\gamma$-ray spectrum is found to be consistent with the $\gamma$-ray emission expected from dark matter annihilation at the Galactic Centre while disfavouring other known astrophysical sources as the possible origin of this phenomena. It is also reported that the spectrum and morphology of this excess $\gamma$-rays can well be explained by the dark matter particles having mass in the range $30\sim 40$ GeV annihilating significantly into ${\rm b} \bar{\rm b}$ final state with an annihilation cross section $\sigma {\rm v}\sim (1.4$ - $2.0)\times 10^{-26}$ cm$^3/$s at the Galactic Centre. In this work, we propose a two component dark matter model where two different types of dark matter particles namely a complex scalar and a Dirac fermion are considered. The stability of both the dark sector particles are maintained by virtue of an additional local U$(1)_{\rm X}$ gauge symmetry. We find that our proposed scenario can provide a viable explanation for this anomalous excess $\gamma$-rays besides satisfying all the existing relevant theoretical as well as experimental and observational bounds from LHC, PLANCK and LUX collaborations. The allowed range of "effective annihilation cross section" of lighter dark matter particle for the ${\rm b} \bar{\rm b}$ annihilation channel thus obtained, is finally compared with the limits reported by the Fermi-LAT and DES collaborations using data from various dwarf spheroidal galaxies.