Low-temperature properties of single-crystal CrB$_{2}$

TL;DR

This study investigates the low-temperature electronic and magnetic properties of single-crystal CrB₂, revealing it as a weak itinerant antiferromagnet with strong geometric frustration and anisotropic spin fluctuations, characterized by specific heat, resistivity, and magnetization measurements.

Contribution

It provides a comprehensive experimental characterization of CrB₂'s low-temperature properties, establishing it as a weak itinerant antiferromagnet with geometric frustration, contrasting earlier local-moment magnetism assumptions.

Findings

CrB₂ exhibits exchange-enhanced Fermi liquid behavior.

It develops a slight anisotropic spin gap below 88 K.

Strong antiferromagnetic spin fluctuations are observed with T_sf ≈ 257 K.

Abstract

We report the low-temperature properties of $^{11}$B-enriched single-crystal CrB$_{2}$ as prepared from high-purity Cr and B powder by a solid-state reaction and optical float zoning. The electrical resistivity, $\rho_{\rm xx}$, Hall effect, $\rho_{\rm xy}$, and specific heat, $C$, are characteristic of an exchange-enhanced Fermi liquid ground state, which develops a slightly anisotropic spin gap $\Delta \approx 220\,{\rm K}$ below $T_{\rm N}=88\,{\rm K}$. This observation is corroborated by the absence of a Curie dependence in the magnetization for $T\to0$ reported in the literature. Comparison of $C$ with $d\rho_{\rm xx}/dT$, where we infer lattice contributions from measurements of VB$_2$, reveals strong antiferromagnetic spin fluctuations with a characteristic spin fluctuation temperature $T_{\rm sf}\approx 257\,{\rm K}$ in the paramagnetic state, followed by a pronounced second-order mean-field transition at $T_{\rm N}$, and unusual excitations around $\approx T_{\rm N}/2$. The pronounced anisotropy of $\rho_{\rm xx}$ above $T_{\rm N}$ is characteristic of an easy-plane anisotropy of the spin fluctuations consistent with the magnetization. The ratio of the Curie-Weiss to the N$\acute{\rm{e}}$el temperatures, $f=-\Theta_{\rm CW}/T_{\rm N}\approx 8.5$, inferred from the magnetization, implies strong geometric frustration. All physical properties are remarkably invariant under applied magnetic fields up to $14\,\,{\rm T}$, the highest field studied. In contrast to earlier suggestions of local-moment magnetism our study identifies CrB$_{2}$ as a weak itinerant antiferromagnet par excellence with strong geometric frustration.