Chiral Superfluidity for QCD

TL;DR

This paper models the quark-gluon plasma as a chiral superfluid, deriving novel effects like the chiral magnetic and vortical phenomena through hydrodynamics and bosonization, offering new experimental predictions.

Contribution

It introduces a chiral superfluid model for QCD plasma using bosonization and hydrodynamics, predicting unique chiral effects and providing a new theoretical framework.

Findings

Prediction of chiral magnetic and vortical effects in the plasma.

Identification of two-component fluid dynamics with experimental tests.

Derivation of an axion-like field from chiral fermionic modes.

Abstract

We argue that the strongly coupled quark-gluon plasma formed at LHC and RHIC can be considered as a chiral superfluid. The "normal" component of the fluid is the thermalized matter in common sense, while the "superfluid" part consists of long wavelength (chiral) fermionic states moving independently. We use the bosonization procedure with a finite cut-off and obtain a dynamical axion-like field out of the chiral fermionic modes. Then we use relativistic hydrodynamics for macroscopic description of the effective theory obtained after the bosonization. Finally, solving the hydrodynamic equations in gradient expansion, we find that in the presence of external electromagnetic fields or rotation the motion of the "superfluid" component gives rise to the chiral magnetic, chiral vortical, chiral electric and dipole wave effects. Latter two effects are specific for a two-component fluid, which provides us with crucial experimental tests of the model.