CRYSTAL Simulation Code and New Coherent Effects in Bent Crystal at the LHC

TL;DR

This paper introduces the CRYSTAL simulation code for particle trajectories in bent crystals, predicts new coherent effects at LHC energies, and explores improved collimation system layouts for enhanced particle beam control.

Contribution

The paper presents a fast, accurate simulation code for bent crystal effects and predicts new phenomena like dechanneling peaks at LHC energies, advancing crystal collimation research.

Findings

Prediction of dechanneling peaks at high energies.

Observation of excess ionization losses in channeling mode.

Simulation of improved collimation system layouts.

Abstract

The LHC crystal-based collimation system is mainly addressed. A CRYSTAL simulation code for particle tracking in crystals is introduced. Its essence consists in both adequate and fast sampling of proton trajectories in crystals which is crucial for both correct description of experiments and quantitative prediction of new effects. The H8 single-pass experiment at the CERN SPS as well as 7 TeV proton deflection by a bent crystal at the LHC are simulated. We predict the existence of dechanneling peaks corresponding to the planar channeling oscillations as well as describe the possibility of their observation at high energies, specifically in the LHC crystal-assisted collimation experiment planned on 2015. An effect of excess over the amorphous level of ionization losses in the channeling mode was also found for the LHC energy. In addition, the LHC crystal-based collimation system is simulated as well as its possible improved layouts with application of a crystal with the cut and multiple volume reflection in one bent crystal.