Phase transitions in one-dimensional static Coulomb media

TL;DR

This paper investigates phase transitions in a one-dimensional Coulomb system with external force, revealing four distinct phases of particle density at energy minimum configurations.

Contribution

It identifies and characterizes four different phases of particle density in a 1D Coulomb system under varying external forces, expanding understanding of phase behavior in such media.

Findings

Four phases of asymptotic particle density identified

Phase transitions depend on external force values

Configurations correspond to energy minima

Abstract

We consider configurations of $N$ charged particles on the interval with nearest neighbour Coulomb interaction and constant external force. For different values of external force we find 4 different phases of the asymptotic particle density for the configuration corresponding to the minimum of the energy.