Thermal Mass limit of Neutron Cores

TL;DR

This paper investigates the thermal stability and mass limits of neutron cores in general relativity, incorporating temperature effects and the Tolman-Ehrenfest effect, and identifies an upper mass limit at high temperatures.

Contribution

It introduces a comprehensive analysis of thermal effects on neutron core stability, extending previous models to include temperature-dependent mass limits in general relativity.

Findings

Maximum mass curve with respect to temperature is reported.

At low temperatures, classical Oppenheimer-Volkoff results are recovered.

An upper mass limit of 2.43 solar masses at specific temperature and radius is identified.

Abstract

Static thermal equilibrium of a quantum self-gravitating ideal gas in general relativity is studied at any temperature, taking into account the Tolman-Ehrenfest effect. Thermal contribution to the gravitational stability of static neutron cores is quantified. The curve of maximum mass with respect to temperature is reported. At low temperatures the Oppenheimer-Volkoff calculation is recovered, while at high temperatures the recently reported classical gas calculation is recovered. An ultimate upper mass limit $M = 2.43M_\odot$ of all maximum values is found to occur at Tolman temperature $ T = 1.27mc^2$ with radius $R = 15.2km$.