Degenerate Bose gases with uniform loss

TL;DR

This paper theoretically explores how a weakly-interacting degenerate Bose gas coupled to a Markovian bath reaches an asymptotic state with an emergent temperature, leading to significant dissipative cooling especially in low-dimensional systems.

Contribution

It introduces a universal phononic limit where the system's asymptotic state is governed by quantum noise, revealing a new cooling mechanism in Bose gases.

Findings

Emergent temperature set by quantum noise of outcoupling

Significant cooling in low-dimensional Bose gases

Dissipative cooling supplements evaporative cooling

Abstract

We theoretically investigate a weakly-interacting degenerate Bose gas coupled to an empty Markovian bath. We show that in the universal phononic limit the system evolves towards an asymptotic state where an emergent temperature is set by the quantum noise of the outcoupling process. For situations typically encountered in experiments, this mechanism leads to significant cooling. Such dissipative cooling supplements conventional evaporative cooling and dominates in settings where thermalization is highly suppressed, such as in a one-dimensional quasicondensate.