Cohesive Dynamics and Brittle Fracture

TL;DR

This paper develops a nonlocal cohesive model within the peridynamic framework to analyze crack formation and growth, revealing how process zones and fracture dynamics depend on material and scale parameters.

Contribution

It introduces a comprehensive nonlocal cohesive law for fracture modeling, linking process zone size to nonlocal interaction length and deriving limits consistent with Griffith fracture energy.

Findings

Process zone size controlled by nonlocal length scale

Discontinuities can become unstable and grow within the process zone

Limit dynamics align with classical Griffith fracture theory

Abstract

We formulate a nonlocal cohesive model for calculating the deformation state inside a cracking body. In this model a more complete set of physical properties including elastic and softening behavior are assigned to each point in the medium. We work within the small deformation setting and use the peridynamic formulation. Here strains are calculated as difference quotients. The constitutive relation is given by a nonlocal cohesive law relating force to strain. At each instant of the evolution we identify a process zone where strains lie above a threshold value. Perturbation analysis shows that jump discontinuities within the process zone can become unstable and grow. We derive an explicit inequality that shows that the size of the process zone is controlled by the ratio given by the length scale of nonlocal interaction divided by the characteristic dimension of the sample. The process zone is shown to concentrate on a set of zero volume in the limit where the length scale of nonlocal interaction vanishes with respect to the size of the domain. In this limit the dynamic evolution is seen to have bounded linear elastic energy and Griffith surface energy. The limit dynamics corresponds to the simultaneous evolution of linear elastic displacement and the fracture set across which the displacement is discontinuous. We conclude illustrating how the approach developed here can be applied to limits of dynamics associated with other energies that $\Gamma$- converge to the Griffith fracture energy.