Lepton-Flavored Dark Matter

TL;DR

This paper proposes a model of lepton-flavored dark matter with a gauged lepton-flavor interaction that explains the muon g-2 anomaly and relic density while remaining consistent with experimental constraints.

Contribution

It introduces a new lepton-flavor gauge interaction at 100 GeV - 1 TeV that links dark matter to muon and tau leptons, addressing multiple experimental puzzles.

Findings

Model explains muon g-2 deviation with new physics below 1 TeV.

Dark matter interacts mainly with mu and tau leptons at tree level.

Framework is compatible with collider and low-energy experimental results.

Abstract

In this work, we address two paradoxes. The first is that the measured dark-matter relic density can be satisfied with new physics at O(100 GeV - 1 TeV), while the null results from direct-detection experiments place lower bounds of O(10 TeV) on a new-physics scale. The second puzzle is that the severe suppression of lepton-flavor-violating processes involving electrons, e.g. mu->3e, tau->e mu mu, etc., implies that generic new-physics contributions to lepton interactions cannot exist below O(10 - 100 TeV), whereas the 3.6sigma deviation of the muon g-2 from the standard model can be explained by a new-physics scale < O(1 TeV). Here, we suggest that it may not be a coincidence that both the muon g-2 and the relic density can be satisfied by a new-physics scale < 1 TeV. We consider the possibility of a gauged lepton-flavor interaction that couples at tree level only to mu- and tau-flavored leptons and the dark sector. Dark matter thus interacts appreciably only with particles of mu and tau flavor at tree level and has loop-suppressed couplings to quarks and electrons. Remarkably, if such a gauged flavor interaction exists at a scale O(100 GeV - 1 TeV), it allows for a consistent phenomenological framework, compatible with the muon g-2, the relic density, direct detection, indirect detection, charged-lepton decays, neutrino trident production, and results from hadron and e+e- colliders. We suggest experimental tests for these ideas at colliders and for low-energy observables.