A third alternative to explain recent observations: Future deceleration

TL;DR

This paper proposes a third explanation for recent cosmic acceleration observations, using particle creation in non-equilibrium thermodynamics, predicting a universe that transitions from inflation to late acceleration and then to future deceleration.

Contribution

It introduces a novel model where gravitationally induced particle creation explains the universe's evolution, including future deceleration, under adiabatic conditions.

Findings

Model reproduces universe's evolution from inflation to late acceleration

Predicts a future decelerating phase of the universe

Uses particle creation rate as a key parameter in cosmological dynamics

Abstract

In the present work we discuss a third alternative to explain the latest observational data concerning the accelerating Universe and its different stages. The particle creation mechanism in the framework of non-equilibrium thermodynamics is considered as a basic cosmic mechanism acting on the flat FRW geometry. By assuming that the gravitationally induced particle production occurs under "adiabatic" conditions, the deceleration parameter is expressed in terms of the particle creation rate which is chosen as a truncated power series of the Hubble parameter. The model shows the evolution of the Universe starting from inflation to the present late time acceleration and it also predicts future decelerating stage.