Dark matter and dark energy from Bose-Einstein condensate

TL;DR

This paper proposes that dark matter composed of light bosons formed a Bose-Einstein condensate early in the universe, and its quantum potential could explain dark energy, with massive gravitons or axions as candidates.

Contribution

It introduces a model where dark matter as a Bose-Einstein condensate explains both dark matter and dark energy phenomena.

Findings

Dark matter bosons with mass ~1eV form condensates early in cosmic history.

Quantum potential from the condensate can produce effects similar to a cosmological constant.

The model suggests the condensate could be the dominant component of the universe in the far future.

Abstract

We show that Dark Matter consisting of bosons of mass of about 1eV or less has critical temperature exceeding the temperature of the universe at all times, and hence would have formed a Bose-Einstein condensate at very early epochs. We also show that the wavefunction of this condensate, via the quantum potential it produces, gives rise to a cosmological constant which may account for the correct dark energy content of our universe. We argue that massive gravitons or axions are viable candidates for these constituents. In the far future this condensate is all that remains of our universe.