General Covariance Constraints on Cosmological Correlators

TL;DR

This paper explores how diffeomorphism invariance constrains primordial cosmological perturbations, deriving identities and consistency relations that connect different gauge choices and reveal underlying symmetries.

Contribution

It introduces a set of identities analogous to Slavnov-Taylor identities for cosmological correlators, accounting for gauge fixing and symmetry breaking effects.

Findings

Derived identities constrain cosmological correlators in any gauge.

Established new consistency relations between bispectra and power spectra.

Revealed how invariance under diffeomorphisms leads to specific relations when auxiliary fields are integrated out.

Abstract

We study the extent to which diffeomorphism invariance restricts the properties of the primordial perturbations in single scalar field models. We derive a set of identities that constrain the connected correlators of the cosmological perturbations, as well as the one-particle-irreducible vertices of the theory in any gauge. These identities are the analogues of Slavnov-Taylor identities in gauge theories, and follow essentially from diffeomorphism invariance alone. Yet because quantization requires diffeomorphism invariance to be broken, they not only reflect invariance under diffeomorphisms, but also how the latter has been broken by gauge fixing terms. In order to not lose the symmetry altogether, we cannot simply set some fields to zero, as is usually done in cosmological perturbation theory, but need to decouple them smoothly and make sure that they do not contribute to cosmological correlators in the decoupling limit. We use these identities to derive a set of consistency relations between bispectra and power spectra of cosmological perturbations in different gauges. Without additional assumptions, these consistency relations just seem to reflect the redundancy implied by diffeomorphisms. But when combined with analyticity, in a formulation of the theory in which auxiliary fields have been integrated out, we recover novel and previously derived relations that follow from invariance under both time and spatial diffeomorphisms.