Strongly interacting matter at RHIC: experimental highlights

TL;DR

This paper reviews recent experimental findings from RHIC on quark-gluon plasma properties, QCD phase diagram exploration, and topological phenomena, highlighting new insights into the strongly interacting matter at high energies.

Contribution

It provides a comprehensive summary of recent RHIC results, emphasizing experimental evidence for QGP characteristics and topological features of QCD at finite temperatures.

Findings

Confirmation of topologically non-trivial QCD vacuum structure

Smooth behavior of most observables across energy ranges

Indications of a phase transition between hadronic and partonic matter at 10-20 GeV

Abstract

Recent experimental results obtained at the Relativistic Heavy-Ion Collider (RHIC) will be discussed. Investigations of different nucleus-nucleus collisions in recent years focus on two main tasks, namely, the detailed study of sQGP properties and the exploration of the QCD phase diagram. Results at top RHIC energy provide important information about event shapes as well as transport and thermodynamic properties of the hot medium for various flavors. Heavy-ion collisions are a unique tool for the study of topological properties of theory. Experimental results obtained for discrete QCD symmetries at finite temperatures are discussed. These results confirm indirectly the topologically non-trivial structure of the QCD vacuum. Most results obtained during phase-I of the RHIC beam energy scan (BES) program show smooth behavior vs initial energy. However, certain results suggest the transition in the domain of dominance of hadronic degrees of freedom at center-of-mass energies between 10-20 GeV. Future developments and more precise studies of features of the QCD phase diagram in the framework of phase-II of RHIC BES will be briefly discussed.