Polarization of a quasi two-dimensional repulsive Fermi gas with Rashba spin-orbit coupling: a variational study

TL;DR

This study explores how Rashba spin-orbit coupling influences spin polarization in a 2D repulsive Fermi gas, revealing a gradual polarization increase and a Rashba-dependent critical interaction strength, using a variational approach.

Contribution

It introduces a variational method to analyze the interplay between spin-orbit coupling and interactions, providing new insights into polarization behavior in 2D Fermi gases.

Findings

Rashba coupling causes a gradual increase in polarization beyond a critical interaction.

The critical interaction strength for polarization depends on the Rashba coupling.

An analytic expression for the critical interaction strength is derived.

Abstract

Motivated by the remarkable experimental control of synthetic gauge fields in ultracold atomic systems, we investigate the effect of an artificial Rashba spin-orbit coupling on the spin polarization of a two-dimensional repulsive Fermi gas. By using a variational many-body wavefunction, based on a suitable spinorial structure, we find that the polarization properties of the system are indeed controlled by the interplay between spin-orbit coupling and repulsive interaction. In particular, two main effects are found: 1) The Rashba coupling determines a gradual increase of the degree of polarization beyond the critical repulsive interaction strength, at variance with conventional 2D Stoner instability. 2) The critical interaction strength, above which finite polarization is developed, shows a dependence on the Rashba coupling, i.e. it is enhanced in case the Rashba coupling exceeds a critical value. A simple analytic expression for the critical interaction strength is further derived in the context of our variational formulation, which allows for a straightforward and insightful analysis of the present problem.