Anisotropic Hydrodynamics: Three lectures

TL;DR

Anisotropic hydrodynamics is a non-perturbative approach that extends relativistic hydrodynamics to highly anisotropic systems, improving modeling of ultrarelativistic heavy-ion collisions.

Contribution

The paper reviews the derivation of hydrodynamics from kinetic theory and extends methods to highly anisotropic systems, offering a new framework for non-equilibrium conditions.

Findings

Extended hydrodynamic applicability to anisotropic regimes

Derived anisotropic hydrodynamics from kinetic theory

Discussed recent advances and future directions

Abstract

Anisotropic hydrodynamics is a non-perturbative reorganization of relativistic hydrodynamics that takes into account the large momentum-space anisotropies generated in ultrarelativistic heavy-ion collisions. As a result, it allows one to extend the regime of applicability of hydrodynamic treatments to situations that can be quite far from isotropic thermal equilibrium. In this paper, I review the material presented in a series of three introductory lectures. I review the derivation of ideal and second-order viscous hydrodynamics from kinetic theory. I then show how to extend the methods used to a system that can be highly anisotropic in local-rest-frame momenta. I close by discussing recent work on this topic and then present an outlook to the future.