Supernova neutrinos and the turbulence power spectrum: point source statistics

TL;DR

This paper investigates how different turbulence power spectra in supernovae affect neutrino flavor evolution, revealing potential signatures in neutrino signals that depend on the turbulence characteristics.

Contribution

It studies the impact of non-Kolmogorov turbulence spectra on supernova neutrinos, highlighting effects on phase distortion and stimulated transitions.

Findings

Dependence of neutrino effects on turbulence spectrum varies with energy and epoch.

Sensitivity of neutrino signals to turbulence power spectrum can reveal supernova interior properties.

Both strong and weak turbulence regimes show different spectral dependencies.

Abstract

The neutrinos emitted from the proto-neutron star created in a core-collapse supernova must run through a significant amount of turbulence before exiting the star. Turbulence can modify the flavor evolution of the neutrinos imprinting itself upon the signal detected here at Earth. The turbulence effect upon individual neutrinos, and the correlation between pairs of neutrinos, might exhibit sensitivity to the power spectrum of the turbulence and recent analysis of the turbulence in a two-dimensional hydrodynamical simulation of a core-collapse supernova indicates the power spectrum may not be the Kolmogorov 5/3 inverse power law as has been previously assumed. In this paper we study the effect of non-Kolmogorov turbulence power spectra upon neutrinos from a point source as a function of neutrino energy and turbulence amplitude at a fixed post-bounce epoch. We find the two effects of turbulence upon the neutrinos - the distorted phase effect and the stimulated transitions - both possess strong and weak limits in which dependence upon the power spectrum is absent or evident respectively. Since neutrinos of a given energy will exhibit these two effects at different epochs of the supernova each with evolving strength, we find there is sensitivity to the power spectrum present in the neutrino burst signal from a Galactic supernova.