Relation of E1 pygmy and toroidal resonances
V.O. Nesterenko, A. Repko, P.-G. Reinhard, and J. Kvasil
TL;DR
This paper investigates the potential connection between low-lying E1 pygmy resonances and toroidal dipole resonances in lead-208, suggesting the pygmy mode may be a surface manifestation of the toroidal mode.
Contribution
It demonstrates, using Skyrme-RPA calculations, that pygmy resonances can be viewed as local surface expressions of the collective toroidal dipole resonance.
Findings
Pygmy resonance can be a surface manifestation of the toroidal dipole resonance.
RPA results show collective vortical motion at the nuclear surface.
Comparison with unperturbed states highlights the collective nature of the modes.
Abstract
A possible relation of the low-lying E1 (pygmy resonance) and toroidal strengths is analyzed by using Skyrme-RPA results for the strength functions, transition densities and current fields in Pb. It is shown that the irrotational pygmy motion can appear as a local manifestation of the collective vortical toroidal dipole resonance (TDR) at the nuclear surface. The RPA results are compared to unperturbed (1ph) ones.
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