Effects of quantum gravity on black holes

TL;DR

This paper reviews how quantum gravity theories modify black hole physics, affecting Hawking radiation, temperature, and remnants, through modified equations and quantization methods.

Contribution

It introduces quantum gravity corrections into black hole equations, revealing effects on radiation, temperature, and mass quantization not previously detailed.

Findings

Quantum gravity slows Hawking temperature increase.

Black hole remnants have a minimum mass related to quantum gravity parameters.

Black hole mass becomes quantized in the quantum gravity regime.

Abstract

In this review, we discuss effects of quantum gravity on black hole physics. After a brief review of the origin of the minimal observable length from various quantum gravity theories, we present the tunneling method. To incorporate quantum gravity effects, we modify the Klein-Gordon equation and Dirac equation by the modified fundamental commutation relations. Then we use the modified equations to discuss the tunneling radiation of scalar particles and fermions. The corrected Hawking temperatures are related to the quantum numbers of the emitted particles. Quantum gravity corrections slow down the increase of the temperatures. The remnants are observed as $M_{\hbox{Res}}\gtrsim \frac{M_p}{\sqrt{\beta_0}}$. The mass is quantized by the modified Wheeler-DeWitt equation and is proportional to $n$ in quantum gravity regime. The thermodynamical property of the black hole is studied by the influence of quantum gravity effects.