Cosmological Models and Gamma-Ray Bursts Calibrated by Using Pade Method

TL;DR

This paper introduces a novel, model-independent calibration method for gamma-ray bursts using Padé approximants, enabling their effective use in cosmology without circularity issues, and demonstrates their utility in constraining cosmological models.

Contribution

It presents a new calibration technique for GRBs that overcomes the circularity problem, expanding their application in cosmological research.

Findings

Calibrated 79 high-redshift GRBs without circularity.

GRBs provide competitive constraints on cosmological models.

Demonstrated the effectiveness of GRBs as complementary cosmological probes.

Abstract

Gamma-ray bursts (GRBs) are among the most powerful sources in the universe. In the recent years, GRBs have been proposed as a complementary probe to type Ia supernovae (SNIa). However, as is well known, there is a circularity problem in the use of GRBs to study cosmology. In this work, based on the Pad\'e approximant, we propose a new cosmology-independent method to calibrate GRBs. We consider a sample consisting of 138 long Swift GRBs and obtain 79 calibrated long GRBs at high-redshift $z>1.4$ (named Mayflower sample) which can be used to constrain cosmological models without the circularity problem. Then, we consider the constraints on several cosmological models with these 79 calibrated GRBs and other observational data. We show that GRBs are competent to be a complementary probe to the other well-established cosmological observations.