Non-Thermal Fixed Point in a Holographic Superfluid

TL;DR

This paper investigates the far-from-equilibrium dynamics of a holographic superfluid, revealing universal scaling laws and a non-thermal fixed point through numerical evolution of vortex ensembles, connecting superfluid turbulence with holographic duality.

Contribution

It demonstrates the existence of a universal late-time non-thermal fixed point in a holographic superfluid, linking turbulence phenomena with holographic gravitational models.

Findings

Observation of Kolmogorov scaling at intermediate times

Identification of a universal late-time scaling regime

Interpretation of the late-time regime as a non-thermal fixed point

Abstract

We study the far-from-equilibrium dynamics of a (2+1)-dimensional superfluid at finite temperature and chemical potential using its holographic description in terms of a gravitational system in 3+1 dimensions. Starting from various initial conditions corresponding to ensembles of vortex defects we numerically evolve the system to long times. At intermediate times the system exhibits Kolmogorov scaling the emergence of which depends on the choice of initial conditions. We further observe a universal late-time regime in which the occupation spectrum and different length scales of the superfluid exhibit scaling behaviour. We study these scaling laws in view of superfluid turbulence and interpret the universal late-time regime as a non-thermal fixed point of the dynamical evolution. In the holographic superfluid the non-thermal fixed point can be understood as a stationary point of the classical equations of motion of the dual gravitational description.