HACC: Simulating Sky Surveys on State-of-the-Art Supercomputing Architectures

TL;DR

HACC is a versatile, high-performance cosmology simulation code capable of running large-scale universe models efficiently on diverse supercomputing architectures, aiding in understanding dark matter, dark energy, and primordial perturbations.

Contribution

This paper introduces HACC, a new scalable N-body simulation framework optimized for various supercomputers, enabling unprecedented large-scale cosmological simulations.

Findings

Successfully simulated over 3.6 trillion particles.

Demonstrated high efficiency across multiple supercomputing architectures.

Achieved accurate modeling of large-scale cosmic structures.

Abstract

Current and future surveys of large-scale cosmic structure are associated with a massive and complex datastream to study, characterize, and ultimately understand the physics behind the two major components of the 'Dark Universe', dark energy and dark matter. In addition, the surveys also probe primordial perturbations and carry out fundamental measurements, such as determining the sum of neutrino masses. Large-scale simulations of structure formation in the Universe play a critical role in the interpretation of the data and extraction of the physics of interest. Just as survey instruments continue to grow in size and complexity, so do the supercomputers that enable these simulations. Here we report on HACC (Hardware/Hybrid Accelerated Cosmology Code), a recently developed and evolving cosmology N-body code framework, designed to run efficiently on diverse computing architectures and to scale to millions of cores and beyond. HACC can run on all current supercomputer architectures and supports a variety of programming models and algorithms. It has been demonstrated at scale on Cell- and GPU-accelerated systems, standard multi-core node clusters, and Blue Gene systems. HACC's design allows for ease of portability, and at the same time, high levels of sustained performance on the fastest supercomputers available. We present a description of the design philosophy of HACC, the underlying algorithms and code structure, and outline implementation details for several specific architectures. We show selected accuracy and performance results from some of the largest high resolution cosmological simulations so far performed, including benchmarks evolving more than 3.6 trillion particles.