A Novel Vectorcardiogram System
Gabriel E. Arrobo, Calvin A. Perumalla, Yang Liu, Thomas P. Ketterl,, Richard D. Gitlin, Peter J. Fabri

TL;DR
This paper introduces a proof-of-concept for a compact, 3D ambulatory vectorcardiogram system designed for continuous heart monitoring, demonstrating the feasibility of miniaturization within specified dimensions.
Contribution
It presents the initial investigation and design considerations for a miniaturized VCG system capable of on-body heart activity monitoring.
Findings
Achieved target dimensions of 3x3x2 cm for the VCG system.
Identified minimum lead distances for distinguishable signals.
Established feasibility of miniaturized VCG for ambulatory use.
Abstract
This paper presents the proof-of-concept investigation for a miniaturized vectorcardiogram [VCG] system for ambulatory on-body applications that continuously monitors the electrical activity of the heart in three dimensions. We investigate the minimum distance between a pair of leads in the X, Y and Z axes such that the signals are distinguishable from the noise. The target dimensions for our VCG are 3x3x2 cm and, based on our preliminary results, it is possible to achieve these dimensions. The next step in our research is to build the miniaturized VCG system that includes processing, learning and communication capabilities.
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