Phase randomization and typicality in the interference of two condensates

TL;DR

This paper investigates how interference patterns in overlapping Bose-Einstein condensates are typical and linked to phase randomization, emphasizing the role of two-body scattering and the concept of typicality in quantum states.

Contribution

It introduces a detailed analysis of phase randomization and typicality in condensate interference, connecting quantum state sampling to observable interference phenomena.

Findings

Most wave functions show maximal interference visibility.

Phase randomization naturally arises from two-body scattering.

Typicality explains the robustness of interference patterns.

Abstract

Interference is observed when two independent Bose-Einstein condensates expand and overlap. This phenomenon is typical, in the sense that the overwhelming majority of wave functions of the condensates, uniformly sampled out of a suitable portion of the total Hilbert space, display interference with maximal visibility. We focus here on the phases of the condensates and their (pseudo) randomization, which naturally emerges when two-body scattering processes are considered. Relationship to typicality is discussed and analyzed.