Selected properties of optical spatial solitons in photorefractive media and their important applications

TL;DR

This paper reviews key properties of photorefractive spatial solitons, their formation mechanisms, and potential applications, emphasizing the underlying physics and recent developments in the field.

Contribution

It provides a comprehensive overview of the properties, formation mechanisms, and applications of photorefractive spatial solitons, including new insights into their nonlinear dynamics.

Findings

Different configurations of solitons examined

Mechanisms of soliton formation discussed

Potential applications highlighted

Abstract

Some selected important properties of photorefractive spatial solitons and their applications have been reviewed in the present paper. Using band transport model, the governing principle of photorefractive nonlinearity has been addressed and nonlinear dynamical equations of spatial solitons owing to this nonlinearity have been discussed. Mechanisms of formation of screening and photovoltaic solitons of three different configurations i.e., bright, dark and grey varieties have been examined. Incoherently coupled vector solitons due to single and two-photon photorefractive phenomena have been highlighted. Modulation instability, which is precursor to soliton formation has been also discused briefly. Finally possible applications of photorefractive spatial solitons have been highlighted.