Superfluidity of strongly correlated bosons in two- and three-dimensional traps

TL;DR

This paper investigates the superfluid phase transition of strongly correlated bosons in 2D and 3D traps, revealing lower transition temperatures in 3D and spatial variations in superfluidity due to correlations.

Contribution

It provides a comparative analysis of superfluidity in 2D and 3D traps with long-range interactions, highlighting quantum degeneracy effects and spatial distribution of superfluidity.

Findings

Superfluid transition occurs at lower temperatures in 3D than in 2D.

Superfluidity is reduced in outer layers due to correlations.

Transition is driven by quantum degeneracy effects.

Abstract

We analyze the superfluid phase transition of harmonically confined bosons with long-range interaction in both two and three dimensions in a broad parameter range from weak to strong coupling. We observe that the onset of superfluidity occurs in $3D$ at significantly lower temperatures compared to $2D$. This is demonstrated to be a quantum degeneracy effect. In addition, the spatial distribution of superfluidity across the shells of the clusters is investigated. It is found that superfluidity is substantially reduced in the outer layers due to increased correlation effects.