Interference Effects in Quantum Belief Networks

TL;DR

This paper introduces a quantum-inspired Bayesian Network model that better captures human decision-making by accounting for interference effects, especially under high uncertainty, improving upon classical probabilistic models.

Contribution

The paper proposes a novel quantum-like Bayesian Network that incorporates interference effects, aligning probabilistic inference more closely with human cognitive processes.

Findings

Quantum-like Bayesian Network significantly alters inferences under high uncertainty.

The quantum model collapses to classical Bayesian Network when uncertainty is low.

Experimental results demonstrate improved modeling of human decision-making.

Abstract

Probabilistic graphical models such as Bayesian Networks are one of the most powerful structures known by the Computer Science community for deriving probabilistic inferences. However, modern cognitive psychology has revealed that human decisions could not follow the rules of classical probability theory, because humans cannot process large amounts of data in order to make judgements. Consequently, the inferences performed are based on limited data coupled with several heuristics, leading to violations of the law of total probability. This means that probabilistic graphical models based on classical probability theory are too limited to fully simulate and explain various aspects of human decision making. Quantum probability theory was developed in order to accommodate the paradoxical findings that the classical theory could not explain. Recent findings in cognitive psychology revealed that quantum probability can fully describe human decisions in an elegant framework. Their findings suggest that, before taking a decision, human thoughts are seen as superposed waves that can interfere with each other, influencing the final decision. In this work, we propose a new Bayesian Network based on the psychological findings of cognitive scientists. We made experiments with two very well known Bayesian Networks from the literature. The results obtained revealed that the quantum like Bayesian Network can affect drastically the probabilistic inferences, specially when the levels of uncertainty of the network are very high (no pieces of evidence observed). When the levels of uncertainty are very low, then the proposed quantum like network collapses to its classical counterpart.