Pseudogap phenomena in ultracold atomic Fermi gases

TL;DR

This paper reviews the evidence and theories of pseudogap phenomena in ultracold atomic Fermi gases, highlighting their relevance as models for understanding high-temperature superconductivity.

Contribution

It provides a comprehensive overview of experimental and theoretical progress on pseudogap physics in atomic Fermi gases, proposing a pairing fluctuation theory as a promising explanation.

Findings

Strong evidence for pseudogap in strongly interacting Fermi gases

Pairing fluctuation theory aligns with experimental observations

Insights into high $T_c$ superconductivity from atomic gases

Abstract

The pairing and superfluid phenomena in a two-component ultracold atomic Fermi gas is an analogue of Cooper pairing and superconductivity in an electron system, in particular, the high $T_c$ superconductors. Owing to the various tunable parameters that have been made accessible experimentally in recent years, atomic Fermi gases can be explored as a prototype or quantum simulator of superconductors. It is hoped that, utilizing such an analogy, the study of atomic Fermi gases may shed light to the mysteries of high $T_c$ superconductivity. One obstacle to the ultimate understanding of high $T_c$ superconductivity, from day one of its discovery, is the anomalous yet widespread pseudogap phenomena, for which a consensus is yet to be reached within the physics community, after over 27 years of intensive research efforts. In this article, we shall review the progress in the study of pseudogap phenomena in atomic Fermi gases in terms of both theoretical understanding and experimental observations. We show that there is strong, unambiguous evidence for the existence of a pseudogap in strongly interacting Fermi gases. In this context, we shall present a pairing fluctuation theory of the pseudogap physics and show that it is indeed a strong candidate theory for high $T_c$ superconductivity.