Momentum-resolved study of the saturation intensity in multiple ionization

TL;DR

This study uses momentum-resolved measurements and a deconvolution method to accurately determine saturation intensities and electron release times in multiple ionization of ionic targets under strong laser fields.

Contribution

It introduces a novel momentum deconvolution technique to reconstruct electron momenta from ion data, enabling precise analysis of ionization dynamics.

Findings

Accurate saturation intensities determined for multiple ionization steps.

Electron release times mapped during laser pulse.

Comparison with over-the-barrier and tunnel ionization models.

Abstract

We present a momentum-resolved study of strong field multiple ionization of ionic targets. Using a deconvolution method we are able to reconstruct the electron momenta from the ion momentum distributions after multiple ionization up to four sequential ionization steps. This technique allows an accurate determination of the saturation intensity as well as of the electron release times during the laser pulse. The measured results are discussed in comparison to typically used models of over-the-barrier ionization and tunnel ionization.