Lessons from the Local Group (and beyond) on dark matter
Pavel Kroupa (Bonn)

TL;DR
This paper argues that observational evidence from the Local Group challenges the existence of exotic dark matter particles, suggesting alternative explanations for galaxy dynamics and structure.
Contribution
It provides a comprehensive critique of the dark matter hypothesis based on observational data, questioning its validity in the standard cosmological model.
Findings
No evidence for two distinct dwarf galaxy types.
Satellite galaxy arrangements are consistent with tidal dwarf origins.
Local Group structure contradicts hierarchical merger predictions.
Abstract
(Abridged) The existence of exotic dark matter particles outside the standard model of particle physics constitutes a central hypothesis of the current standard model of cosmology (SMoC). Using a wide range of observational data I outline why this hypothesis cannot be correct for the real Universe. Assuming the SMoC to hold, (i) the two types of dwarf galaxies, the primordial dwarfs with dark matter and the tidal dwarf galaxies without dark matter, ought to present clear observational differences. But there is no observational evidence for two separate families of dwarfs, neither in terms of their location relative to the baryonic Tully-Fisher relation nor in terms of their radius--mass relation. And, the arrangements in rotating disk-of-satellites, in particular around the Milky Way and Andromeda, has been found to be only consistent with most if not all dwarf satellite galaxies being…
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