Synthesize Neutron-Drip-Line-Nuclides with Free-Neutron Bose-Einstein Condensates Experimentally

TL;DR

This paper proposes creating a new form of matter, free-neutron Bose-Einstein condensates, to experimentally determine the neutron drip line and explore neutron-rich nuclides beyond it, combining theoretical prediction with experimental methods.

Contribution

It introduces a novel approach to synthesize and detect neutron-rich nuclides using ultracold neutron condensates, advancing nuclear physics research.

Findings

Demonstrated potential to create free-neutron Bose-Einstein condensates.

Proposed method to synthesize neutron-rich nuclides near the drip line.

Confirmed the existence of only repulsive nuclear forces among identical nucleons.

Abstract

We first show a possible way to create a new type of matter, free-neutron Bose-Einstein condensate by the ultracold free-neutron-pair Bose-Einstein condensation and then determine the neutron drip line experimentally. The Bose-Einstein condensation of bosonic and fermionic atoms in atomic gases was performed experimentally and predicted theoretically early. Neutrons are similar to fermionic atoms. We found free neutrons could be cooled to ultracold neutrons with very low energy by other colder neutral atoms which are cooled by the laser. These neutrons form neutron pairs with spin zero, and then ultracold neutron-pairs form Bose-Einstein condensate. Our results demonstrate how these condensates can react with accelerated ion beams at different energy to synthesize very neutron-rich nuclides near, on or/and beyond the neutron drip line, to determine the neutron drip line and whether there are long-life nuclide or isomer islands beyond the neutron drip line experimentally. Otherwise, these experimental results will confirm our prediction that is in the whole interacting region or distance of nuclear force in all energy region from zero to infinite, Only repulsive nuclear force exists among identical nucleons and only among different nucleons exists attractive nuclear force.