Semileptonic meson decays in point-form relativistic quantum mechanics: unambiguous extraction of weak form factors

TL;DR

This paper applies point-form relativistic quantum mechanics to semileptonic meson decays, enabling unambiguous extraction of weak form factors and revealing differences with front-form approaches, especially regarding non-valence contributions.

Contribution

It introduces a method for unambiguous, frame-independent extraction of weak form factors in meson decays using point-form relativistic quantum mechanics, contrasting with front-form results.

Findings

No non-physical contributions in weak current structure.

Form factors are frame-independent in this approach.

Differences with front-form results are linked to non-valence contributions.

Abstract

The point-form version of the Bakamjian-Thomas construction is applied to the description of several semileptonic decays of mesons. Weak form factors are extracted without ambiguity for pseudoscalar-to-pseudoscalar as well as for pseudoscalar-to-vector transitions of mesons from the most general covariant decomposition of the weak current. No manifestation of cluster-separability violation appears in the form of non-physical contributions to the structure of such a current, in contrast to what happens in the electromagnetic case. Moreover, no frame dependence is observed when we extract the form factors from the most general covariant decomposition of the current, which contrasts with analogous front-form calculations that involve vector mesons in the transition. We present our results for heavy-light meson decays, i.e. $B\to D$, as well as for $B$ and $D$ mesons decaying into $\pi$, $\rho$ and $K^{(*)}$ and perform a numerical comparison with the analogous front-form approach. Differences between point and front forms that are not seen in the heavy-quark limit of $q\bar Q$-systems appear. These differences are attributed to the different role that the non-valence contributions play in the description of hadronic reactions in each form. It is argued how contributions from missing $Z$-graphs can be estimated.