Accretion of Dark Energy onto Higher Dimensional Charged BTZ Black Hole

TL;DR

This paper investigates how dark energy, modeled as modified Chaplygin gas and other parametrizations, affects the mass evolution of higher-dimensional charged BTZ black holes in an accelerating universe.

Contribution

It provides a new analysis of dark energy accretion onto higher-dimensional BTZ black holes, including mass evolution and critical points, with consideration of various dark energy models.

Findings

BTZ black hole mass relates to dark energy density.

Mass increases with quintessence dark energy, decreases with phantom energy.

Different dark energy models produce finite mass variations during universe evolution.

Abstract

In this work, we have studied the accretion of $(n+2)$-dimensional charged BTZ black hole (BH). The critical point and square speed of sound have been obtained. The mass of the BTZ BH has been calculated and we have observed that the mass of the BTZ BH is related with square root of the energy density of dark energy which accretes onto BH in our accelerating FRW universe. We have assumed modified Chaplygin gas (MCG) as a candidate of dark energy which accretes onto BH and we have found the expression of BTZ BH mass. Since in our solution of MCG, this model generates only quintessence dark energy (not phantom) and so BTZ BH mass increases during the whole evolution of the accelerating universe. Next we have assumed 5 kinds of parametrizations of well known dark energy models. These models generate both quintessence and phantom scenarios i.e., phantom crossing models. So if these dark energies accrete onto the BTZ BH, then in quintessence stage, BH mass increases upto a certain value (finite value) and then decreases to a certain finite value for phantom stage during whole evolution of the universe. We have shown these results graphically.