Algebraic approach to the study of zero modes of Haldane pseudopotentials

TL;DR

This paper presents an algebraic framework to understand the zero modes and frustration-free nature of lattice Hamiltonians derived from Haldane pseudopotentials, linking their properties to underlying algebraic structures without relying on the first quantized picture.

Contribution

It introduces an algebraic approach to analyze zero modes of lattice Hamiltonians from Haldane pseudopotentials, bypassing the need for first quantized wave functions and matrix product structures.

Findings

Zero mode properties are explained through algebraic structures of operators.

Frustration free character is understood without additional degrees of freedom.

Insights gained may aid the study of fractional Chern insulators.

Abstract

We consider lattice Hamiltonians that arise from putting Haldane pseudopotentials into a second quantized or "guiding-center-only" form. These are fascinating examples for frustration free lattice Hamiltonians. This is so since even though their highest density zero energy ground states, the Laughlin states, are known to have matrix-product structure (with unbounded bond dimension), the frustration free character of these lattice Hamiltonians seems obscure, {\em unless} one goes back to the original first quantized picture of analytic lowest Landau level wave functions. This step involves putting back additional degrees of freedom associated with dynamical momenta, and one wonders whether the addition of these degrees of freedom is truly necessary to recognize the frustration free character of the underlying lattice Hamiltonian. Fundamentally, these degrees of freedom have nothing to do with spectrum of a "guiding-center-only" Hamiltonian. Moreover, such constructions are unfamiliar and not available in the study of simpler (finite range) frustration free lattice Hamiltonians with matrix product ground states (of finite bond dimension). That the zero mode properties of "lattice versions" of pseudopotentials can be understood from a polynomial-free, intrinsically lattice point of view is also suggested by the fact that these pseudopotentials are constructed from an algebra of reasonably simply looking operators. Here we show that zero mode properties, and hence the frustration free character, of these lattice Hamitlonians can be understood as a consequence of algebraic structures that these operators are part of. We believe that our results will deepen insights into parent Hamiltonians of matrix product states with infinite bond dimensions, as could be of use, especially, in the study of fractional Chern insulators.