Mathematical modeling to elucidate brain tumor abrogation by immunotherapy with T11 target structure

TL;DR

This paper develops a mathematical model of brain tumor and immune system interactions, highlighting the potential of T11 target structure in improving immunotherapy effectiveness.

Contribution

It introduces a novel mathematical framework incorporating T11TS and immune components to optimize brain tumor treatment strategies.

Findings

T11TS enhances immune response against glioma cells.

Model sensitivity analysis identifies key parameters influencing therapy outcomes.

Simulations demonstrate the potential of T11TS in brain tumor immunotherapy.

Abstract

T11 Target structure (T11TS), a membrane glycoprotein isolated from sheep erythrocytes, reverses the immune suppressed state of brain tumor induced animals by boosting the functional status of the immune cells. This study aims at aiding in the design of more efficacious brain tumor therapies with T11 target structure. We propose a mathematical model for brain tumor (glioma) and the immune system interactions, which aims in designing efficacious brain tumor therapy. The model encompasses considerations of the interactive dynamics of macrophages, cytotoxic T lymphocytes, glioma cells, TGF-$\beta$, IFN-$\gamma$ and the T11TS. The system undergoes sensitivity analysis, that determines which state variables are sensitive to the given parameters and the parameters are estimated from the published data. Computer simulations were used for model verification and validation, which highlight the importance of T11 target structure in brain tumor therapy.