Global well-posedness of 3-D inhomogeneous Navier-Stokes equations with ill-prepared initial data

TL;DR

This paper proves the global well-posedness of 3-D inhomogeneous Navier-Stokes equations for large, ill-prepared initial data that vary slowly in one spatial direction, extending previous results to more general initial conditions.

Contribution

It establishes global solutions for a broader class of initial data that do not meet smallness conditions, improving upon prior well-posedness results for ill-prepared data.

Findings

Global well-posedness for large ill-prepared initial data

Initial data do not satisfy previous smallness conditions

Significant extension of well-posedness results to more general initial conditions

Abstract

In this paper, we investigate the global well-posedness of 3-D incompressible inhomogeneous Navier-Stokes equations with ill-prepared large initial data which are slowly varying in one space variable, that is, initial data of the form $\bigl(1+\e^{\be}a_0(x_{\rm h},\e x_3),(\ve^{1-\al} v^{\rm h}_0, \ve^{-\al}v_0^3)(x_{\rm h},\e x_3)\bigr)$ for any $\al\in ]0,1/3[,$ $\be>2\al,$ and $\ve$ being sufficiently small. We remark that initial data of this type do not satisfy the smallness conditions in \cite{c-p-z,HPZ3} no matter how small $\e$ is. In particular, this result greatly improves the global well-posedness result in \cite{PZZ3} with the so-called well-prepared initial data.