A Blue Point Source at the Location of Supernova 2011dh

TL;DR

This paper reports HST observations of supernova 2011dh, identifying a possible companion star consistent with binary models, and constrains its properties through photometry and extinction analysis.

Contribution

First detection of a candidate companion star at supernova 2011dh's location using HST, supporting binary progenitor models.

Findings

Detected a star-like object with negative UV color at supernova site.

Object's properties are consistent with a binary companion of the progenitor.

Constraints on mass accretion efficiency and dust extinction are provided.

Abstract

We present Hubble Space Telescope (HST) observations of the field of the Type IIb supernova (SN) 2011dh in M51 performed at ~1161 rest-frame days after explosion using the Wide Field Camera 3 and near-UV filters F225W and F336W. A star-like object is detected in both bands and the photometry indicates it has negative (F225W - F336W) color. The observed object is compatible with the companion of the now-vanished yellow supergiant progenitor predicted in interacting binary models. We consider it unlikely that the SN is undergoing strong interaction and thus estimate that it makes a small contribution to the observed flux. The possibilities of having detected an unresolved light echo or an unrelated object are briefly discussed and judged unlikely. Adopting a possible range of extinction by dust, we constrain parameters of the proposed binary system. In particular, the efficiency of mass accretion onto the binary companion must be below 50%, if no significant extinction is produced by newly formed dust. Further multiband observations are required in order to confirm the identification of the object as the companion star. If confirmed, the companion star would already be dominant in the UV/optical regime, so it would readily provide a unique opportunity to perform a detailed study of its properties.