Spectral optical monitoring of the double peaked emission line AGN Arp 102B: II. Variability of the broad line properties

TL;DR

This study analyzes 26 years of spectral data from Arp 102B, revealing stable double-peaked broad emission lines with some variability, suggesting a disc-like broad line region possibly influenced by outflows.

Contribution

It provides a long-term spectral analysis of Arp 102B, combining Gaussian and disc models to interpret the broad line region's geometry and variability.

Findings

Broad lines are double-peaked with stable peak positions.

Hβ line is broader than Hα during the monitored period.

Disc model fits the line profiles but doesn't fully explain variability.

Abstract

We investigate a long-term (26 years, from 1987 to 2013) variability in the broad spectral line properties of the radio galaxy Arp 102B, an active galaxy with broad double-peaked emission lines. We use observations presented in Paper I (Shapovalova et al. 2013) in the period from 1987 to 2011, and a new set of observations performed in 2012--2013. To explore the BLR geometry, and clarify some contradictions about the nature of the BLR in Arp 102B we explore variations in the H$\alpha$ and H$\beta$ line parameters during the monitored period. We fit the broad lines with three broad Gaussian functions finding the positions and intensities of the blue and red peaks in H$\alpha$ and H$\beta$. Additionally we fit averaged line profiles with the disc model. We find that the broad line profiles are double-peaked and have not been changed significantly in shapes, beside an additional small peak that, from time to time can be seen in the blue part of the H$\alpha$ line. The positions of the blue and red peaks { have not changed significantly during the monitored period. The H$\beta$ line is broader than H$\alpha$ line in the monitored period. The disc model is able to reproduce the H$\beta$ and H$\alpha$ broad line profiles, however, observed variability in the line parameters are not in a good agreement with the emission disc hypothesis. It seems that the BLR of Arp 102B has a disc-like geometry, but the role of an outflow can also play an important role in observed variation of the broad line properties.