Massive and massless modes of the triplet phase of neutron matter

TL;DR

This paper investigates the low-energy excitations in the triplet paired neutron matter phase, identifying massless and gapped modes, and analyzing their properties across different temperatures.

Contribution

It provides a detailed analysis of the low-lying modes in the 3P2 neutron superfluid phase, including the computation of their masses at various temperatures.

Findings

Identifies two massless angulon modes due to broken rotational symmetry.

Finds three gapped modes with specific mass values.

Analyzes temperature dependence of mode masses.

Abstract

Neutron matter at densities of the order of the nuclear saturation density is believed to have neutrons paired in the 3P2 channel. We study the low lying modes of this phase and find two massless modes (angulons), resulting from the spontaneous breaking of rotational symmetry as well as three other, gapped modes. We compute their masses at arbitrary temperatures.