Gauge Independence in a Higher-Order Lagrangian Formalism via Change of Variables in the Path Integral

TL;DR

This paper derives an explicit change of variables in the path integral formalism that allows for gauge independence in higher-order Lagrangian theories, ensuring consistent gauge transformations.

Contribution

It provides a concrete method to implement gauge changes via variable transformations in higher-order Lagrangian path integrals, enhancing theoretical understanding.

Findings

Explicit form of variable change for gauge transformations

Ensures gauge independence in higher-order Lagrangian formalism

Facilitates consistent gauge fixing in complex theories

Abstract

In this paper we work out the explicit form of the change of variables that reproduces an arbitrary change of gauge in a higher-order Lagrangian formalism.