Metastable spin textures and Nambu-Goldstone modes of a ferromagnetic spin-1 Bose-Einstein condensate confined in a ring trap

TL;DR

This paper explores the metastability and spin textures of a ferromagnetic spin-1 Bose-Einstein condensate in a ring trap, revealing how rotation influences Nambu-Goldstone modes and stability.

Contribution

It provides analytical solutions for spin textures and analyzes the change in Nambu-Goldstone modes with rotation velocity in a spin-1 BEC.

Findings

Spin textures are analytically derived.

Metastable states are identified via stability analysis.

Number of Nambu-Goldstone modes varies with rotation velocity.

Abstract

We investigate the metastability of a ferromagnetic spin-1 Bose-Einstein condensate confined in a quasi-one-dimensional rotating ring trap by solving the spin-1 Gross-Pitaevskii equation. We find analytical solutions that exhibit spin textures. By performing linear stability analysis, it is shown that the solutions can become metastable states. We also find that the number of Nambu-Goldstone modes changes at a certain rotation velocity without changing the continuous symmetry of the order parameter.