Engineering the Dynamics of Effective Spin-Chain Models for Strongly Interacting Atomic Gases

TL;DR

This paper develops a method to engineer effective spin-chain models in strongly interacting one-dimensional atomic gases, enabling control over quantum dynamics with potential applications in quantum information processing.

Contribution

It introduces a formalism to construct and manipulate spin-chain Hamiltonians by shaping external potentials in cold atomic gases, highlighting differences between bosons and fermions.

Findings

Bosonic atoms allow independent tuning of spin Hamiltonian parameters.

The formalism enables control of quantum dynamics in many-body systems.

Application to quantum state transfer in a four-particle system.

Abstract

We consider a one-dimensional gas of cold atoms with strong contact interactions and construct an effective spin-chain Hamiltonian for a two-component system. The resulting Heisenberg spin model can be engineered by manipulating the shape of the external confining potential of the atomic gas. We find that bosonic atoms offer more flexibility for tuning independently the parameters of the spin Hamiltonian through interatomic (intra-species) interaction which is absent for fermions due to the Pauli exclusion principle. Our formalism can have important implications for control and manipulation of the dynamics of few- and many-body quantum systems; as an illustrative example relevant to quantum computation and communication, we consider state transfer in the simplest non-trivial system of four particles representing exchange-coupled qubits.