Raman Signatures of Strong Kitaev Exchange Correlations in (Na$_{1-x}$Li$_x$)$_2$IrO$_3$ : Experiments and Theory

TL;DR

This study uses Raman spectroscopy and theoretical modeling to identify signatures of strong Kitaev exchange interactions in (Na$_{1-x}$Li$_x$)$_2$IrO$_3$, revealing persistent spin liquid-like fluctuations within the magnetically ordered phase.

Contribution

It provides experimental evidence of Kitaev correlations in doped iridates and demonstrates that such fluctuations persist below magnetic ordering, supported by mean field theoretical calculations.

Findings

Broad Raman band at ~2750 cm$^{-1}$ indicates strong Kitaev exchange.

The mode persists inside the magnetically ordered state, suggesting dynamic fluctuations.

Estimated Kitaev exchange interaction J_K ≈ 57 meV.

Abstract

Inelastic light scattering studies on single crystals of (Na$_{1-x}$Li$_x$)$_2$IrO$_3$ ($x = 0, 0.05$ and $0.15$) show a polarization independent broad band at $\sim $~2750 cm$^{-1}$ with a large band-width $\sim 1800$~cm$^{-1}$. For Na$_2$IrO$_3$ the broad band is seen for temperatures $ \leq 200$~K and persists inside the magnetically ordered state. For Li doped samples, the intensity of this mode increases, shifts to lower wave-numbers and persists to higher temperatures. Such a mode has recently been predicted (Knolle et.al.) as a signature of the Kitaev spin liquid. We assign the observation of the broad band to be a signature of strong Kitaev-exchange correlations. The fact that the broad band persists even inside the magnetically ordered state suggests that dynamically fluctuating moments survive even below $T_{N}$. This is further supported by our mean field calculations. The Raman response calculated in mean field theory shows that the broad band predicted for the spin liquid state survives in the magnetically ordered state near the zigzag-spin liquid phase boundary. A comparison with the theoretical model gives an estimate of the Kitaev exchange interaction parameter to be $J_K\approx 57$~meV.