Reconstruction of Ancient Egyptian Sundials
Larisa Vodolazhskaya

TL;DR
This study reconstructs ancient Egyptian vertical and L-shaped sundials, proposing models that account for geographic latitude and offering a simple, accurate method for time measurement, including decoding historical inscriptions.
Contribution
It introduces new models for vertical and L-shaped sundials, detailing their design features and operational principles, and deciphers an ancient inscription related to sundial markings.
Findings
Developed a model for vertical sundials with inclined gnomons
Reconstructed L-shaped sundials functioning with vertical sundials
Decoded inscription indicating half-hour intervals on L-shaped sundials
Abstract
The article presents the results of a study of the design features of vertical and L-shaped ancient Egyptian sundials, developed their models, on the basis of which the reconstruction of the sundial was carried out. An original scheme of a simple method for a fairly accurate time measurement with their help is also proposed. The model proposed by us, which describes a vertical sundial, is a vertical sundial with an inclined gnomon that takes into account the latitude of the area. The model proposed by us is characterized by marking the hour lines from 6 to 12 o'clock every hour. From 12:00 a shift is made in the marking of the hour lines for half an hour, and then the marking is repeated every hour. As a consequence of the reconstruction of the vertical sundial, we have developed and proposed a model that describes the design features and operation of two types of L-shaped sundial. They…
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