Stochastic Growth Dynamics and Composite Defects in Quenched Immiscible Binary Condensates

TL;DR

This paper investigates how initial stochastic domain formation influences the growth dynamics and defect structures in quenched immiscible binary Bose gases, revealing the emergence of long-lived composite defects like dark-bright solitary waves.

Contribution

It provides a detailed numerical analysis of defect formation and growth dynamics in quenched binary condensates, highlighting the impact of fluctuations and initial conditions on metastable structures.

Findings

Spontaneous defect generation leads to long-lived dark-bright solitary waves.

Growth dynamics are highly sensitive to initial fluctuations and quench parameters.

Metastable phase-separated structures are influenced by defect stability and dynamics.

Abstract

We study the sensitivity of coupled condensate formation dynamics on the history of initial stochastic domain formation in the context of instantaneously quenched elongated harmonically-trapped immiscible two-component atomic Bose gases. The spontaneous generation of defects in the fastest condensing component, and subsequent coarse-graining dynamics, can lead to a deep oscillating microtrap into which the other component condenses, thereby establishing a long-lived composite defect in the form of a dark-bright solitary wave. We numerically map out diverse key aspects of these competing growth dynamics, focussing on the role of shot-to-shot fluctuations and global parameter changes (initial state choices, quench parameters and condensate growth rates). We conclude that phase-separated structures observable on experimental timescales are likely to be metastable states whose form is influenced by the stability and dynamics of the spontaneously-emerging dark-bright solitary wave.